Household food security and forestry
an analysis of socio-economic issues













Table of Contents


Prepared by J. Falconer and J.E.M. Arnold

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© FAO 1991

Table of Contents


Preface

1.0 Introduction

1.1 The importance of forest resources for the poor

1.1.1 Forest foods

1.1.2 Income earned from forest resources

1.1.3 Tree cultivation

1.2 The impacts of change on the uses of forest and farm tree resources

1.2.1 Impacts of diminishing forest resources

1.2.2 Implications of the increasing dependence on the cash economy

1.3 Incorporating food security issues into forest management and policy planning

2.0 Forestry and diets

2.1 Contribution of forest and farm tree foods to the household diet

2.1.1 The Plant Foods Collected from Forests and Farm Trees

2.1.2 Animal Foods from Forests and Farm Trees

2.1.3 The Contribution of Livestock Fodder from Forests and Farm Trees

2.1.4 Honey from the Forest: Provision of Year-Round Bee Fodder

2.2 Forestry and human nutrition: defining the linkages

2.2.1 Examples of Problems Related to Nutrition

2.2.2 Forestry and Disease

2.2.3 Fuelwood Energy and Nutrition

2.2.4 Farm Trees and Home Gardens have Positive Effects on the Overall Nutrition of Households.

2.3 The contribution of forest food resources to the household food security

2.3.1 The Supplementary Role of Forest Foods

2.3.2 The Seasonal Importance of Forest and Farm Tree Foods

2.3.3 The Emergency Role of Trees

2.4 Changes in the forest resource and concomitant changes in the forest resource use

2.5 Incorporating nutrition issues into forest activities

3.0 Income and employment, forestry and food security

3.1 Characteristics of small-scale forest-based processing and, gathering enterprises for rural households

3.1.1 Gathering Enterprises

3.1.2 Processing Enterprises

3.2 The importance of forest-based enterprises for rural households

3.2.1 The Extent of Forest-Based Income Generation

3.2.2 The Contribution of Forest-Based Income to Household Budget

3.3 The participants in forest-based income earning activities

3.3.1 The Importance of Forest-Based Activities for Poorer Households

3.3.2 The Role of Women in Forest-Based Income Earning Activities

3.3.3 The Role of Women in Household Food Security

3.4 Forest-based income and household food security

3.4.2 Seasonal Income

3.4.3 Emergency Income

3.5 The constraints to the further development of forest-based small-scale enterprises

4.0 Tree cultivation, the household economy and food security

4.1 Benefits and costs of tree components in farming systems

4.1.1 Home Gardens

4.1.2 Farm Woodlots

4.1.3 Extensive and Intermediate Systems

4.2 Tree cultivation and farmer objectives and resources

4.2.1 Production Objectives

4.2.2 Resource Availability Land

4.2.3 Markets and Marketing

4.2.4 Risk Management

4.3 Tree cash crops and food security

4.4 Planning, management and policy issues

References

Appendix 1


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